Identification of young star objects in the serpens south   star-forming region of the aquila molecular cloud

Nazgul Alimgazinova; Arailym Manapbayeva; Aruzhan Omar; Kundyz Turekhanova; Nurlan Abildayev; Aizat Demessinova; Akmaral Alibek; Nurzhan Shaimoldin

doi:10.26577/phst202613110

Authors

Nazgul Alimgazinova Faculty of Physics and Technology, Farabi University, Almaty, Kazakhstan; Institute of Experimental and Theoretical Physics, Farabi University,Almaty, Kazakhstan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4596-1855 (unauthenticated)
Arailym Manapbayeva Institute of Experimental and Theoretical Physics, Farabi University,Almaty, Kazakhstan; Kazakh National Women's Teacher Training University, Almaty, Kazakhstan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0322-1509 (unauthenticated)
Aruzhan Omar Faculty of Physics and Technology, Farabi University, Almaty, Kazakhstan; Institute of Experimental and Theoretical Physics, Farabi University,Almaty, Kazakhstan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5604-3742 (unauthenticated)
Kundyz Turekhanova Faculty of Physics and Technology, Farabi University, Almaty, Kazakhstan; Institute of Experimental and Theoretical Physics, Farabi University,Almaty, Kazakhstan https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4662-7290 (unauthenticated)
Nurlan Abildayev Faculty of Mechanics and Mathematics, Farabi University, Almaty, Kazakhstan https://orcid.org/0009-0009-1934-4907 (unauthenticated)
Aizat Demessinova Faculty of Physics and Technology, Farabi University, Almaty, Kazakhstan; Institute of Experimental and Theoretical Physics, Farabi University,Almaty, Kazakhstan https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5049-9338 (unauthenticated)
Akmaral Alibek Kazakh National Women's Teacher Training University, Almaty, Kazakhstan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5309-347X (unauthenticated)
Nurzhan Shaimoldin State Key Laboratory of Radio Astronomy and Technology, Xinjiang Astronomical Observatory, CAS, Urumqi, Xinjiang, P. R. China https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9557-8590 (unauthenticated)

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.26577/phst202613110

Abstract

We present the results of a search and identification of young stellar objects (YSOs) in the Serpens South star-forming region, which is part of the Aquila Rift complex. Using AllWISE catalog data within a radius of 7′ from the center of the region, a multi-stage filtering procedure was applied to remove contaminating sources, including galaxies, active galactic nuclei, shock emission sources and PAH emission. Photometric criteria were then used to classify the sources according to their evolutionary stages. As a result, a sample of 145 YSO candidates was identified, including 1 protostar, 37 Class I objects, 48 Class II objects, 47 Class III objects and 12 transition disks. A quantitative analysis of the spatial distribution of the sources was performed using cumulative distribution functions, the Kolmogorov Smirnov test and bootstrap resampling. The results show that early-stage objects (Class I) exhibit pronounced clustering in the central region (R₅₀ = 0.26 pc) and are associated with dense filamentary structures, whereas Class II and III objects display a more extended distribution. A Jeans analysis combined with Monte Carlo simulations yielded a median gas density of n ≈ 1.6 × 105 cm-3, consistent with dense prestellar cores. Multiwavelength verification using infrared, X-ray, optical and radio catalogs showed that 78.6% of the objects possess independent infrared confirmation, while 70.3% have X-ray detections. In addition, 11 new YSO candidates not previously reported in published catalogs were identified. The obtained results demonstrate the high efficiency of WISE data for detecting heavily obscured sources and provide new insights into the early stages of star formation in dense filamentary environments.

Keywords: Young stellar objects, Serpens South, Aquila Rift, WISE, star formation.

Author Biographies

Nazgul Alimgazinova, Faculty of Physics and Technology, Farabi University, Almaty, Kazakhstan; Institute of Experimental and Theoretical Physics, Farabi University,Almaty, Kazakhstan

Nazgul Alimgazinova – Candidate of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Electronics and Astrophysics, Farabi University (Almaty, Kazakhstan, e-mail: nazgul.alimgazinova@kaznu.edu.kz);
Arailym Manapbayeva, Institute of Experimental and Theoretical Physics, Farabi University,Almaty, Kazakhstan; Kazakh National Women's Teacher Training University, Almaty, Kazakhstan

Arailym Manapbayeva – PhD, Senior Lecturer, Department of Physics, Kazakh National Women’s Teacher Training University (Almaty, Kazakhstan, e-mail: manapbayeva.arailym@gmail.com);
Aruzhan Omar, Faculty of Physics and Technology, Farabi University, Almaty, Kazakhstan; Institute of Experimental and Theoretical Physics, Farabi University,Almaty, Kazakhstan

Aruzhan Omar (corresponding author) – PhD, Associate Professor-Researcher, Department of Electronics and Astrophysics, Farabi University (Almaty, Kazakhstan, e-mail: omar.aruzhan@kaznu.kz);
Kundyz Turekhanova, Faculty of Physics and Technology, Farabi University, Almaty, Kazakhstan; Institute of Experimental and Theoretical Physics, Farabi University,Almaty, Kazakhstan

Kunduz Turekhanova – Candidate of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Associate Professor-Researcher, Department of Plasma Physics, Nanotechnology and Computer Physics, Farabi University (Almaty, Kazakhstan, e-mail: kunduz@physics.kz);
Nurlan Abildayev, Faculty of Mechanics and Mathematics, Farabi University, Almaty, Kazakhstan

Nurlan Abildayev – student, Department of Mathematics, Farabi University (Almaty, Kazakhstan, e-mail: nurlanabildaev833@gmail.com);
Aizat Demessinova, Faculty of Physics and Technology, Farabi University, Almaty, Kazakhstan; Institute of Experimental and Theoretical Physics, Farabi University,Almaty, Kazakhstan

Aizat Demessinova – PhD, Senior Lecturer, Department of Electronics and Astrophysics, Farabi University (Almaty, Kazakhstan, e-mail: aizat.dem@gmail.com);
Akmaral Alibek, Kazakh National Women's Teacher Training University, Almaty, Kazakhstan

Akmaral Alibek – Senior Lecturer, Department of Physics, Kazakh National Women’s Teacher Training University (Almaty, Kazakhstan, e-mail: alibek.akmaral@list.ru);
Nurzhan Shaimoldin, State Key Laboratory of Radio Astronomy and Technology, Xinjiang Astronomical Observatory, CAS, Urumqi, Xinjiang, P. R. China

Nurzhan Shaimoldin – PhD student, State Key Laboratory of Radio Astronomy and Technology, Xinjiang Astronomical Observatory (Urumqi, China, e-mail: nurzhan@xao.ac.cn).