Estimated measurements of natural background radiation in the surface atmospheric layer of the Almaty region

Abstract

The radon isotopes of natural radioactive radiation of the earth’s crust emanating to the surface are
concentrated in the human environment and have a direct impact on the people health. Due to this fact
the problem of studying the radiation distributions in the surface atmospheric layer of the Earth is urgent.
In this work, measurements of the exposure dose rate, beta particle flux, and equivalent equilibrium
volumetric activity (EEVA) of radon in the surface atmospheric layer of the Earth have been performed.
Measurements of radon and gamma, beta backgrounds were carried out from April 2021 to August 2021
in the Almaty region at various altitudes above sea level: from 500 to 2500 meters. They were carried out
using electronic radiometric equipment: beta-dosimeter “RKS-01B-SOLO”; gamma dosimeter “RKS-01GSOLO”;
radiometer of radon-222 “RAMON-02” in the field. As a result, preliminary assessment schemes
were built for route measurements of the 222Rn radon isotope, beta and gamma radiation fields from
natural daughter products of decay of radon isotopes and radionuclides located in the surface atmospheric
layer. As a result of this work, an altitude dependence of changes in the natural radiation gamma and beta
background of the surface surface layer is presented, which grows with an increase in the surface above sea
level. The different activity of radon over rocks and soils is shown, which, as is known, is associated with
the exhalation of radon and which depends, among other things, on the density of the soils. The preliminary
results of measurements of significant perturbations of the EEVA of radon did not reveal.

Key words: variations in time of radon; natural beta active radionuclides; coagulation; atmospheric radioactive, nanoparticles.