Highly efficient copper–palladium nanoalloy catalysts on modified carbon supports

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.26577/phst20251222

Abstract

Catalytic systems were made using Cu, Pd, and Pd-Cu nanoparticles (NPs) supported on modified activated carbon (ACm) of BAU-A grade, which had been modified with hydrochloric acid, for dehydrochlorination of chlorobenzene and 1,2-dichlorobenzene. Based on previous studies, the optimal content of metal NPs in the heterogeneous catalysts for the transformation of mono- and dichlorobenzene organochlorine pollutants utilizing the method of catalytic dehydrochlorination were determined to be: 5% for Pd; 10% for Cu; and, 3% Pd and 7% Cu for the bimetallic variant. The metal NPs were determined to bond to the carboxyl and carbonyl functional groups of the ACm. The characteristics of the catalysts were studied using FTIR spectroscopy, differential thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy and ad-sorption porosimetry. Finally, following dehydrochlorination, a chromatograph mass spectrometer was used to identify the products. These results on the pore structures of the catalysts demonstrate good development, allowing for an increased number of sites to adsorb persistent organic pollutants (POPs). Whereas all the catalysts showed effectiveness in dehydrochlorination of chlorobenzene and 1,2-dichlorobenzene, separately, into benzene, the bimetallic catalyst, 3Pd 7Cu/ACm, demonstrates the best results, with conversion rates of 93.94% and 89.79%, respectively.

Keywords: hydrodechlorination, copper nanoparticles, palladium nanoparticles (NPs), catalysis, bimetallic
catalyst, organochlorine compounds, modified carbon, persistent organic pollutants (POPs).

 

Author Biographies

  • Mazhyn Skakov, Institute of Atomic Energy, Branch RSE NNC RK, Kurchatov, Kazakhstan

    Mazhyn K. Skakov – Dr. Sci. (Phys. & Math.), Professor, Academician of KazNAEN, Chief Researcher at the Branch of the National Nuclear Center of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Professor of Physics and Technology at NAO VKU named after S. Amanzholov (Kurchatov, Kazakhstan, e-mail: skakov@nnc.kz, skakovmk@mail.ru);

  • Alseit Amirov, Satbayev University, Almaty, Kazakhstan

    Alseit Amirov – MSc, Researcher at the Satbayev University (Almaty, Kazakhstan, e-mail: alseit.amirov@gmail.com);

  • Ainur Kabdrahmanova, Satbayev University, Almaty, Kazakhstan

    Ainur K. Kabdrakhmanova – PhD, Senior Researcher at the Satbayev University (Almaty & Astana, Kazakhstan, e-mail: ainurkabdrahmanova@mail.ru);

  • Nodira Toshkuvatova, Samarkand State University named after Sh. Rashidov, Samarkand, Uzbekistan

    Nodira Toshkuvatova – MSc, Researcher at the Samarkand State University named after Sh. Rashidov (Samarkand, Uzbekistan, e-mail: nodira.toshkuvatova@gmail.com);

  • Aktam Khalmanov, Samarkand State University of Architecture and Construction named after Mirzo Ulugbek, Samarkand, Uzbekistan

    Aktam T. Khalmanov – PhD, Researcher at the Samarkand State University of Architecture and Construction named after Mirzo Ulugbek (Samarkand, Uzbekistan, e-mail: a-xalmanov@umail.uz);

  • Arman Miniyazov, Institute of Atomic Energy, Branch RSE NNC RK, Kurchatov, Kazakhstan

    Arman Zh. Miniyazov – PhD, Director of the Center for Technological Competence in the Field of Hydrogen Energy, Institute of Atomic Energy, NNC RK (Kurchatov, Kazakhstan, e-mail: miniyazov@nnc.kz);

  • Viktor Baklanov, Institute of Atomic Energy, Branch RSE NNC RK, Kurchatov, Kazakhstan

    Viktor V. Baklanov – PhD, Associate Professor, First Deputy Director of the Branch Institute of Atomic Energy, NNC RK (Kurchatov, Kazakhstan, e-mail: baklanov@nnc.kz);

  • Yerbolat Koyanbayev, Institute of Atomic Energy, Branch RSE NNC RK, Kurchatov, Kazakhstan

    Yerbolat T. Koyanbayev – PhD, Researcher at the Branch Institute of Atomic Energy, NNC RK (Kurchatov, Kazakhstan, e-mail: erbol@nnc.kz);

  • Nuriya Mukhamedova, Institute of Atomic Energy, Branch RSE NNC RK, Kurchatov, Kazakhstan

    Nuriya M. Mukhamedova – PhD, Head of Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Branch Institute of Atomic Energy, NNC RK (Kurchatov, Kazakhstan, e-mail: bakayeva@nnc.kz);

  • Gainiya Zhanbolatova, Institute of Atomic Energy, Branch RSE NNC RK, Kurchatov, Kazakhstan

    Gainiya K. Zhanbolatova – PhD, Senior Researcher at the National Nuclear Center of the Republic of Kazakhstan (Kurchatov, Kazakhstan, e-mail: kaiyrdy@nnc.kz);

  • Kadu Pramod, School of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, India

    Kadu Pramod – M.Sc., M.Phil., PhD, Postdoctoral Researcher, School of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Mahatma Gandhi University (Kottayam, India, e-mail: pramd.k145@gmail.com, pramodk@mgu.ac.in);

  • Ahmed Shakeel, Postgraduate Department of Chemistry, Government Postgraduate College Rajouri, Jammu and Kashmir, India

    Ahmed Shakeel – PhD, Assistant Professor at the Postgraduate Department of Chemistry, Government Postgraduate College Rajouri, Higher Education Department, Government of Jammu and Kashmir (Jammu & Kashmir, India, e-mail: editorshakeel@gmail.com).

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Published

2025-12-20

Issue

Vol. 12 No. 3-4 (2025): PHYSICAL SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGY

Section

Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology

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How to Cite

Highly efficient copper–palladium nanoalloy catalysts on modified carbon supports. (2025). Physical Sciences and Technology, 12(3-4), 10-27. https://doi.org/10.26577/phst20251222